乙酰胆碱对人胃粘膜上皮细胞和胃腺癌细胞内Ca2+、Mg2+浓度的影响

目的:探讨乙酰胆碱对人胃粘膜上皮细胞和胃腺癌细胞内Ca2 、Mg2 浓度的影响。方法:利用大型生化分析仪,检测了乙酰胆碱作用后培养的人胃粘膜上皮细胞和胃腺癌细胞内Ca2 、Mg2 的浓度。结果:与正常胃粘膜上皮细胞比较,胃腺癌细胞内Ca2 、Mg2 浓度偏低(P>0 01)。在乙酰胆碱作用下,胃粘膜上皮细胞内Ca2 浓度升高(P<0 01),Mg2 浓度降低(P<0 01);胃腺癌细胞仅有Ca2 浓度升高(P<0 05),Mg2 浓度无变化。阿托品能阻断乙酰胆碱的作用(P<0 05)。结论:乙酰胆碱对胃粘膜上皮细胞和胃腺癌细胞的作用是通过毒蕈碱受体实现的。     

慢性萎缩性胃炎与正常胃活检组织RNA分布的研究

采用异硫氰酸荧光素（FITC）标记的核糖核酸酶（FITC－RNase）作为探针，结合半薄切片技术，观察了慢性萎缩性胃炎与正常胃活检组织中RNA的分布变化，结果表明：慢性萎缩性胃啖腺体细胞内RNA明显减少，分布部位与正常胃腺体细胞差异较大，这些结果于慢性萎缩性胃炎的病理诊断提供了一些依据，对进一步从分子水平上研究慢性萎缩性胃炎的病理变化及其与胃癌的关系具有一定的意义。     

Frequent mtDNA mutations and its role in gastric carcinogenesis

In order to disclose the relationship between mutations of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and gastric carcinogenesis, we screened the entire mtDNA sequence in 30 cases of human gastric cancer and matched normal tissues by using denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) and DNA sequencing. Our data showed that high frequency (66.7%, 20/30) of mitochondrial genome mutation occurred in gastric cancer. Among these variants, 17 cases (56.7%, 17/30) were identified to be somatic mutation. High level mutant frequency was found in ND4, ND5 coding genes and D-loop control region, which was 36.7%, 26.7% and 30% respectively. Comparing with complexes Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴof the electron transport chain, we found that variants appeared to be more frequent in the subunit genes of complexⅠ. Most of mutations were base substitutions (85.4%, 41/48). Our results suggested that mutations of subunit genes encoding complexⅠ, especially ND3, ND4 and ND5 genes, might contribute to human gastric carcinogenesis.     

芦荟对应激性溃疡大鼠胃黏膜的影响

旨在观察应激状态下,芦荟是否可减轻胃溃疡.20只健康成年SD大鼠随机分为实验组和对照组,分别给予芦荟和生理盐水7天后造模,取胃壁做冰冻切片,HE染色观察胃黏膜.结果显示对照组胃黏膜有明显淤血、细胞坏死、腺体排列紊乱等现象,芦荟组结构接近正常.提示芦荟对应激性胃溃疡有一定的预防保护作用.     

Hepatic glucose signals vagally modulate the cyclicity of gastric motility in rats

The cyclicity and intensity of gastric motlity were examined following glucose injection into the portal vein with an intragastric balloon in anesthetized rats. Enhanced gastric motility caused by insulin administration was influenced by 4 mM glucose (25 l) injected into the portal vein; glucose provoked a shift in the cyclicity power spectrum without any change in intensity. The peak power spectrum shifted from 4.0–5.0 cpm to 2.0–3.0 cpm. Hepatic branch vagotomy abolished the response.The results suggest that glucose signals in the hepatic vagal branch modulate the cyclicity of gastric motiligy.     

GABA促进小鼠离体胃胃酸分泌活动的机制探讨

为了探讨γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)对小鼠离体胃胃酸分泌(GAS)的调节作用和机制,在体外37℃缓冲溶液中培育小鼠全胃标本,测定灌流液的pH值。结果表明:丙谷胺(2、6×10-7mol/L),可显著地抑制胃酸分泌。GABA(2～10×10-7mol/L)则以一种浓度依赖的方式显著地促进胃酸分泌,若用丙谷胺(6×10-7mol/L)和不同浓度的GABA共同灌流胃,则显著阻断GABA的促进效应,逻辑斯谛曲线(Logisticcurve)显示这种阻断是不完全的。西咪替丁(Cim,10×10-7mol/L)明显抑制胃酸分泌,并不完全阻断GABA对胃酸分泌的促进效应。若用丙谷胺(6×10-7mol/L)和西米替丁(Cim,10×10-7mol/L)与GABA(4～10×10-7mol/L)共同灌流胃,对GABA促进胃酸分泌的效应仍显示不完全阻断作用。结果提示:GABA可能通过G细胞或/和ECL细胞间接促进壁细胞泌酸;GABA也可能直接激活壁细胞,促进胃酸分泌。     

初孵扬子鳄胃粘膜表面及胃腺的形态

本文观察发初孵扬子锷胃粘膜表面及胃腺的形态，在扫描电镜下观察到，胃贲门具１１－１３个贲门瓣，贲门区及幽门及粘膜上皮凹稀而浅，胃体冲皮凹陷密而深，排列很规则。     

晚期胃癌中的肿瘤异质性表达与侵袭转移的相关性研究

应用免疫组化和突变分析方法,分析晚期胃癌原发灶和转移灶nm23,S100A4和p53的表达差异,探讨肿瘤内部异质性在胃癌转移发生中的意义。结果发现转移抑制基因nm23在转移灶中的表达显著上调,转移促进基因S100A4在转移灶中的表达显著下调,癌基因p53在两者中的表达和突变没有明显差异。nm23在原发瘤中的表达下调以及S100A4和p53的过度表达与胃癌的高侵袭性显著相关。数据显示:nm23和S100A4在胃癌的转移中发挥作用,而p53是胃癌发生的一个晚期事件。     

不同恶化程度胃癌细胞系的细胞间隙连接通讯功能及Cx43表达的差异

以人正常胃黏膜上皮细胞系GES-1和不同恶化程度的人胃癌细胞系(低恶化AGS细胞系、中恶化SGC-7901细胞系、高恶化BGC-823细胞系)为研究对象,采用激光共聚焦显微镜的荧光漂白恢复技术及划痕标记荧光染料示踪技术研究不同恶化程度的胃癌细胞系细胞间隙连接通讯(Gap junctional intercellular communication,GJIC)功能的差异;采用荧光定量PCR技术和间接免疫荧光技术检测间隙连接蛋白(Connexin43,Cx43)基因在mRNA和蛋白水平的表达差异,探求其与胃癌恶性程度的相关性.结果表明,在正常胃细胞系和低、中及高恶化胃腺癌细胞系中,细胞间的GJIC功能随着恶性程度的升高而减弱(AGS、SGC-7901)或消失(BGC-823),且Cx43蛋白及mRNA的表达量随着恶性程度的升高而下调(AGS、SGC-7901)或缺失(BGC-823).这提示胃癌恶性程度与胃癌细胞的GJIC功能显著相关(P<0.05),GJIC在胃癌发生中起重要作用.     

A combination of leaf rust resistance gene Lr34 and lesion mimic gene lm significantly enhances adult plant resistance to Puccinia triticina in wheat

Leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina is an economically-important disease in wheat worldwide.A combination of different types of resistance genes may significantly enhance rust resistance under rust-favorable conditions.To investigate the interactions between the rust resistance gene Lr34 and the lesion mimic gene lm on 1BL in Ning 7840,a segregating F8-10 population of 180 recombinant inbred lines was developed from Ning 7840/Chokwang and evaluated for both lesion mimic expression and leaf rust response at the adult plant stage in a greenhouse.A major quantitative trait locus(QTL),derived from Sumai 3,was co-localized with Lr34 on chromosome 7D and explained 41.5% of phenotypic variations for rust severity and 22.1% for leaf tip necrosis(LTN).The presence of Lr34 was confirmed by Lr34-specific markers cssfr1 and cssfr2 in Ning 7840 and Sumai 3.Unlike Lr34,lm conditioned a spontaneous lesion mimic phenotype and had a significant effect on reducing uredinial size,and a smaller effect on severity.Additive effects were observed between lm and Lr34 for severity and LTN,and an epistatic effect was observed for infection type.Single marker analysis also identified several other QTL with minor effects on severity,infection type,or LTN.